What is a theory in scientific terms?

In scientific terms, a theory is a system of ideas that has been rigorously tested and is supported by a substantial body of evidence. It goes beyond mere observation or speculative ideas by integrating various hypotheses that have been validated through experiments and research. Theories provide a coherent framework for understanding natural phenomena and can explain complex concepts in a way that is consistent and predictive.

For instance, the theory of evolution by natural selection incorporates extensive evidence from various fields such as genetics, paleontology, and ecology, making it a well-established explanation of the diversity of life. Unlike simple observations or untested hypotheses, a theory is grounded in scientific rigor and can evolve as new evidence emerges, allowing for advancements in understanding.