What happens to blood glucose levels when glucagon is released?

When glucagon is released, it triggers an increase in blood glucose levels. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas, specifically by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans. Its primary role is to raise blood glucose levels when they fall too low, a condition known as hypoglycemia.

Upon its release, glucagon promotes several metabolic pathways in the liver. It stimulates glycogenolysis, the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose, effectively releasing glucose into the bloodstream. Additionally, glucagon triggers gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, further elevating blood glucose levels.

Thus, the release of glucagon is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, particularly during fasting or between meals, when blood sugar levels tend to drop. This response keeps energy levels stable and ensures that vital organs receive the glucose they need to function properly.